Geckos are exceptional in their ability to climb rapidly up smooth vertical surfaces 1 , 2 , 3 .
Microscopy has shown that a gecko's foot has nearly five hundred thousand keratinous hairs …

Water provides a unique challenge for legged locomotion because it readily yields to any
applied force. Previous studies have shown that static stability during locomotion is possible …

A diversity of animals that run on solid, level, flat, non-slip surfaces appear to bounce on
their legs; elastic elements in the limbs can store and return energy during each step. The …

… S. Tonia Hsieh; Three-dimensional hindlimb kinematics of water running in the plumed
basilisk lizard (Basiliscus plumifrons). J Exp Biol 1 December 2003; 206 (23): 4363–4377. doi: …

The transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats was a seminal event in vertebrate evolution
because it precipitated a sudden radiation of species as new land animals diversified in …

Moving on land versus in water imposes dramatically different requirements on the
musculoskeletal system. Although many limbed vertebrates, such as salamanders and prehistoric …

Background Ecological research often involves sampling and manipulating non-model
organisms that reside in heterogeneous environments. As such, ecologists often adapt …

Living tetrapods owe their existence to a critical moment 360–340 million years ago when
their ancestors walked on land. Vertebrae are central to locomotion, yet systematic testing of …

How animals jump and land on diverse surfaces is ecologically important and relevant to
bioinspired robotics. Here, we describe the jumping biomechanics of the planthopper Lycorma …

The Pacific leaping blenny (Alticus arnoldorum) is a marine fish that has made a highly
successful transition to land. We report an extensive field study on the behavior of this …