The purpose of this guideline is to present evidence-based and consensus-based recommendations
for the prevention and treatment of postoperative delirium. The cornerstones of the …

Consciousness is subjective experience. During both sleep and anesthesia, consciousness
is common, evidenced by dreaming. A defining feature of dreaming is that, while conscious, …

Nitrous oxide is the longest serving member of the anesthesiologist's pharmacologic
armamentarium but remains a source of controversy because of fears over its adverse effects. …

Background The effects of spinal anesthesia as compared with general anesthesia on the
ability to walk in older adults undergoing surgery for hip fracture have not been well studied. …

Background Neuroapoptosis is induced by the administration of anesthetic agents to the
young. As alpha2 adrenoceptor signaling plays a trophic role during development and is …

Introduction Benzodiazepines and α 2 adrenoceptor agonists exert opposing effects on innate
immunity and mortality in animal models of infection. We hypothesized that sedation with …

Background: Recent evidence has demonstrated the anti‐apoptotic of dexmedetomidine in
different brain injury models. Herein, we investigated whether dexmedetomidine could …

Which of the three α 2 -adrenoceptor subtypes of α 2A , α 2B , or α 2C mediates the
neuroprotective effect of dexmedetomidine was examined in cell culture as well as in an in vivo …

Introduction Acute kidney injury following surgery incurs significant mortality with no proven
preventative therapy. We investigated whether the α 2 adrenoceptor agonist …

Perinatal asphyxia can result in neuronal injury with long‐term neurological and behavioral
consequences. Although hypothermia may provide some modest benefit, the intervention …