The Sir2 deacetylase modulates organismal life-span in various species. However, the
molecular mechanisms by which Sir2 increases longevity are largely unknown. We show that in …

Wnts are secreted signaling proteins that regulate developmental processes. Here we show
that Wnt signaling, likely mediated by Wnt-10b, is a molecular switch that governs …

One of the central problems facing higher animals is that cells require a continuous source
of energy; however, it is impractical for organisms to meet this need by supplying a constant …

We have identified Wnt10b as a potent inhibitor of adipogenesis that must be suppressed
for preadipocytes to differentiate in vitro. Here, we demonstrate that a specific inhibitor of …

Transcription factors with bHLH motifs modulate critical events in the development of the
mammalian neocortex. Multipotent cortical progenitors are maintained in a proliferative state by …

The discovery of interleukin-2 (IL-2) changed the molecular understanding of how the immune
system is controlled. IL-2 is a pleiotropic cytokine, and dissecting the signaling pathways …

Despite many years of study, questions remain about why patients do or do not take medicines
and what can be done to change their behaviour. Hypertension is poorly controlled in the …

Pain information processing in the spinal cord has been postulated to rely on nociceptive
transmission (T) neurons receiving inputs from nociceptors and Aβ mechanoreceptors, with Aβ …

Itch is the least well understood of all the somatic senses, and the neural circuits that underlie
this sensation are poorly defined. Here we show that the atonal-related transcription factor …

The primary signalling pathway downstream of ligands of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)
superfamily is the Smad pathway. Activated receptors phosphorylate receptor-…