Study Design. A biomechanical study was performed using cadaveric cervical spine specimens.
Objective. To determine the effect of cervical spine fusion on adjacent-level intradiscal …

The process of natural hybridization may produce genotypes that establish new evolutionary
lineages. However, many authors have concluded that natural hybridization is of little …

Directional evolutionary trends have long garnered interest because they suggest that
evolution can be predictable. However, the identification of the trends themselves and the …

Study Design. A study of the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and the posterior lumbar
interbody fusion techniques was performed. Objectives. To describe the transforaminal …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Previous investigators have reported on benefits and risks
associated with vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, but there are limited comparison data available. …

Several characteristics of flowers and fruits have been suggested as comprising syndromes
of characters that indicate particular classes of pollinators and fruit dispersers. Common …

High levels of species diversity in taxonomic groups have often been explained by a key
innovation. However, the difficulty in establishing a causal role between a proposed key …

Background A full understanding of the patterns and processes of biological diversification
requires the dating of evolutionary events, yet the fossil record is inadequate for most …

The acquisition of floral nectar spurs is correlated with increased species diversity across
multiple clades. We tested whether variation in nectar spurs influences reproductive isolation …

Study Design. An experimental approach was used to test human cadaveric cervical spine
specimens. Objective. To assess the response of the cervical spine to a compressive follower …