The distribution of fitness effects of protein mutations is still unknown 1 , 2 . Of particular
interest is whether accumulating deleterious mutations interact, and how the resulting epistatic …

Predicting evolutionary paths to antibiotic resistance is key for understanding and controlling
drug resistance. When considering a single final resistant genotype, epistatic contingencies …

Mutations create the genetic diversity on which selective pressures can act, yet also create
structural instability in proteins. How, then, is it possible for organisms to ameliorate mutation-…

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays a central role in bacterial evolution, yet the molecular
and cellular constraints on functional integration of the foreign genes are poorly understood. …

Evolutionary dynamics in large asexual populations is strongly influenced by multiple
competing beneficial lineages, most of which segregate at very low frequencies. However, …

What changes occur when a natural protein that had been under low mutation rates is
subjected to a neutral drift at high mutational loads, thus generating genetically diverse (…

We address recent developments in the area of laboratory, or directed evolution, with a focus
on enzymes and on new methodologies of generic potential. We survey three main areas: (i…

What are the molecular properties of proteins that fall on the radar of protein quality control (PQC)?
Here we mutate the E. coli's gene encoding dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and …

Fitness landscapes of drug resistance constitute powerful tools to elucidate mutational
pathways of antibiotic escape. Here, we developed a predictive biophysics-based fitness …

… Author links open overlay panel Shimon Bershtein 1 , Adrian WR Serohijos 2 , Eugene I …
Bershtein et al. [2] demonstrated that local perturbation of a central metabolic enzyme by …