The induction of type I interferons by the bacterial secondary messengers cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP)
or cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP) is dependent on a signaling axis that involves the …

The accumulation of DNA in the cytosol serves as a key immunostimulatory signal associated
with infections, cancer and genomic damage 1 , 2 . Cytosolic DNA triggers immune …

Many host RNA sensors are positioned in the cytosol to detect viral RNA during infection.
However, most positive-strand RNA viruses replicate within a modified organelle coopted from …

Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) are second messengers conserved across all three domains of
life. Within eukaryotes they mediate protective roles in innate immunity against malignant, …

Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) have emerged as ubiquitous signaling molecules in all
domains of life. In eukaryotes, CDN signaling systems are evolutionarily ancient and have …

Detection of viral genomes by the innate immune system elicits an antiviral gene program
mediated by type I interferons (IFNs). While viral RNA and DNA species induce IFN via …

Activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–resident adaptor protein STING, a component
of a cytosolic DNA–sensing pathway, induces the transcription of genes encoding type I …

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a DNA sensor and responsible for inducing an antitumor
immune response. Recent studies reveal that cGAS is frequently inhibited in cancer, and …

Barrier tissues such as the epidermis employ complex signal transduction systems to
execute morphogenetic programs and to rapidly respond to environmental cues to promote …

Mutation of the ATP2A2 gene encoding sarco-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA2)
was linked to Darier disease more than 2 decades ago; however, there remain no …