Although the sex-determining gene Sry has been identified in mammals 1 , no comparable
genes have been found in non-mammalian vertebrates. Here, we used recombinant …

Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease with complex clinical features
1 . Autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP) 2 , 3 maps to the long arm of …

Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I (APS 1, also called APECED) is an autosomal-recessive
disorder that maps to human chromosome 21q22.3 between markers D21S49 and …

Teleosts comprise more than half of all vertebrate species and have adapted to a variety of
marine and freshwater habitats 1 . Their genome evolution and diversification are important …

Autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR–JP), one of the most common familial forms
of Parkinson disease, is characterized by selective dopaminergic neural cell death and the …

Background Del22q11.2 syndrome is the most frequent known chromosomal microdeletion
syndrome, with an incidence of 1 in 4000–5000 livebirths. It is characterised by a 3-Mb …

The study of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata is key to increasing our understanding of the
molecular mechanisms involved in pearl biosynthesis and biology of bivalve molluscs. We …

Small, compact genomes of ultrasmall unicellular algae provide information on the basic and
essential genes that support the lives of photosynthetic eukaryotes, including higher plants …

The genes that determine the development of the male or female sex are known in Caenorhabditis
elegans, Drosophila, and most mammals. In many other organisms the existence of …

The International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (IHGSC) used a hierarchical
mapping and sequencing strategy to construct the working draft of the human genome. This …