Various studies suggest that non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, especially slow-wave
sleep (SWS), is vital to the consolidation of declarative memories. However, sleep stage 2 (…

Learning while asleep is a dream of mankind, but is often deemed impossible because
sleep lacks the conscious awareness and neurochemical milieu thought to be necessary for …

Slow-wave sleep is the deep non-rapid eye-movement (NREM) sleep stage that is most
relevant for the recuperative function of sleep. Its defining property is the presence of slow …

Subliminal manipulation is often considered harmless because its effects typically decay
within a second. So far, subliminal long-term effects on behavior were only observed in studies …

Nurses generally show low compliance with vaccination recommendations. We assessed
whether low vaccine acceptance is due to skeptical attitudes toward emerging infectious …

Episodic memory is the memory for experienced events. A peak competence of episodic
memory is the mental combination of events to infer commonalities. Inferring commonalities …

Slow‐wave sleep (SWS) is a fundamental physiological process, and its modulation is of
interest for basic science and clinical applications. However, automatised protocols for the …

Recent evidence suggests that humans can form and later retrieve new semantic relations
unconsciously by way of hippocampus—the key structure also recruited for conscious …

Can information that is processed during sleep influence awake behavior? Recent research
demonstrates that learning during sleep is possible, but that sleep-learning invariably …

Forming memories of experienced episodes calls upon the episodic memory system.
Episodic encoding may proceed with and without awareness of episodes. While up to 60% of …