Understanding adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is important for vaccine development,
interpreting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis, and calibration of pandemic …

INTRODUCTION Immunological memory is the basis for durable protective immunity after
infections or vaccinations. Duration of immunological memory after severe acute respiratory …

DNA sequence information underpins genetic research, enabling discoveries of important
biological or medical benefit. Sequencing projects have traditionally used long (400–800 …

Limited knowledge is available on the relationship between antigen-specific immune
responses and COVID-19 disease severity. We completed a combined examination of all three …

Countermeasures to prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are a global
health priority. We enrolled a cohort of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (…

Many unknowns exist about human immune responses to the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. SARS-CoV-2–reactive CD4 + T cells have been …

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with evidence of antibody escape highlight the
importance of addressing whether the total CD4 + and CD8 + T cell recognition is also affected. …

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIPb) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)
are members of a superfamily of structurally related peptide hormones that includes …

T cells are involved in control of SARS-CoV-2 infection. To establish the patterns of
immunodominance of different SARS-CoV-2 antigens and precisely measure virus-specific CD4 + …

Pore-forming toxins are critical virulence factors for many bacterial pathogens and are central
to Staphylococcus aureus-mediated killing of host cells. S. aureus encodes pore-forming bi…