Viruses use virions to spread between hosts, and virion composition is therefore the primary
determinant of viral transmissibility and immunogenicity. However, the virions of many …

Background Cell growth underlies many key cellular and developmental processes, yet a
limited number of studies have been carried out on cell-growth regulation. Comprehensive …

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles, approximately 50 nm in diameter, derived from the
endocytic pathway and released by a variety of cell types. Recent data indicate a spectrum …

Tregs can adopt a catabolic metabolic program with increased capacity for fatty acid
oxidation–fueled oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). It is unclear why this form of metabolism is …

Protein phosphorylation is a common post-translational modification in eukaryotic cells and
has a wide range of functional effects. Here, we used mass spectrometry to search for …

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, leading to increased
interest in utilizing immunotherapy strategies for better cancer treatments. In the past decade, …

The partner and localiser of BRCA2 (PALB2) plays important roles in the maintenance of
genome integrity and protection against cancer. Although PALB2 is commonly described as a …

CD4+ T cells are pivotal cells playing roles in the orchestration of humoral and cytotoxic
immune responses. It is known that CD4+ T cell proliferation relies on autophagy, but …

Hereditary fibrosing poikiloderma (HFP) is a rare human dominant negative disorder caused
by mutations in the FAM111B gene that encodes a nuclear trypsin-like serine protease. …

Background Serratia sp. ATCC 39006 (S39006) is a Gram-negative enterobacterium that is
virulent in plant and animal models. It produces a red-pigmented trypyrrole secondary …