Recent examples have highlighted how stem cells have the capability to initiate morphogenesis
in vitro; that is, to generate complex structures in culture that closely parallel their in vivo …

We synthesize palaeoclimate records from the mid-latitude arid Asian region dominated
today by the Westerlies (“arid central Asia” (ACA)) to evaluate spatial and temporal patterns of …

… Masayasu Hara: the author who designed and prepared the outline of this manuscript; Takaya
Nagasaki, Takafumi Sato, Hiroki Takahashi: the authors who corrected the text; Hiromitsu …

We recorded the activity of midbrain dopamine neurons in an instrumental conditioning task
in which monkeys made a series of behavioral decisions on the basis of distinct reward …

As a base for human transcriptome and functional genomics, we created the “full-length long
Japan” (FLJ) collection of sequenced human cDNAs. We determined the entire sequence …

… The statistical significance of differences between groups was determined by Student's t test,
and survival curves were analyzed by the log-rank test. Values of P < 0.05 were considered …

Objective To identify the autoantigen recognized by the autoantibody that is associated with
clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (C‐ADM) and rapidly progressive interstitial lung …

Bacillus subtilis is the best-characterized member of the Gram-positive bacteria. Its genome
of 4,214,810 base pairs comprises 4,100 protein-coding genes. Of these protein-coding …

The intestinal epithelium is the most rapidly self-renewing tissue in adult mammals. We have
recently demonstrated the presence of about six cycling Lgr5 + stem cells at the bottoms of …

AKATSUKI is the Japanese Venus Climate Orbiter that was designed to investigate the
climate system of Venus. The orbiter was launched on May 21, 2010, and it reached Venus on …