Bats are the second-most speciose group of mammals, comprising 20% of species diversity
today. Their global explosion, representing one of the greatest adaptive radiations in …

… Taro Nojiri, Dai Fukui, and Daisuke Koyabu: Collected and prepared the specimens… Taro
Nojiri and Daisuke Koyabu: Scanned the specimens and collected the data. Taro Nojiri, Ingmar …

Haeckel's recapitulation theory has been a controversial topic in evolutionary biology. However,
we have seen some recent cases applying Haeckel's view to interpret the interspecific …

Bats have undergone one of the most drastic limb innovations in vertebrate history,
associated with the evolution of powered flight. Knowledge of the genetic basis of limb …

Multiple corrugated cartilaginous structures are formed within the mammalian nasal capsule,
eventually developing into turbinals. Due to its complex and derived morphology, the …

Background The hyolaryngeal apparatus generates biosonar pulses in the laryngeally
echolocating bats. The cartilage and muscles comprising the hyolarynx of laryngeally …

Cochlear morphology has been regarded as one of the key traits to understand the origin
and evolution of echolocation in bats, given its functionality and performance for receiving …

Anatomy of bat genital organs has been conventionally studied by gross and microscopic
observations to date. Here, we employ both histological observation and diceCT (diffusible …

Bats can be phylogenetically classified into three major groups: pteropodids, rhinolophoids,
and yangochiropterans. While rhinolophoids and yangochiropterans are capable of …

Most of over 1400 extant bat species produce high-frequency pulses with their larynx for
echolocation. However, the debate about the evolutionary origin of laryngeal echolocation in …