Tobacco and alcohol use are leading causes of mortality that influence risk for many complex
diseases and disorders 1 . They are heritable 2 , 3 and etiologically related 4 , 5 behaviors …

Estimates from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of unrelated individuals capture
effects of inherited variation (direct effects), demography (population stratification, assortative …

General cognitive function is a prominent and relatively stable human trait that is associated
with many important life outcomes. We combine cognitive and genetic data from the …

Tobacco and alcohol use are heritable behaviours associated with 15% and 5.3% of worldwide
deaths, respectively, due largely to broad increased risk for disease and injury 1 , 2 , 3 – …

Liability to alcohol dependence (AD) is heritable, but little is known about its complex polygenic
architecture or its genetic relationship with other disorders. To discover loci associated …

Background Variation in liability to cannabis use disorder has a strong genetic component (estimated
twin and family heritability about 50–70%) and is associated with negative …

Background Biological aging estimators derived from DNA methylation data are heritable
and correlate with morbidity and mortality. Consequently, identification of genetic and …

Handedness has been extensively studied because of its relationship with language and
the over-representation of left-handers in some neurodevelopmental disorders. Using data …

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) affects 10–20% of the population and is associated with
substantial functional deficits. Here, we identify 42 loci for self-reported daytime sleepiness …

Allergic rhinitis is the most common clinical presentation of allergy, affecting 400 million
people worldwide, with increasing incidence in westernized countries 1 , 2 . To elucidate the …