Although orexin‐A peptide was recently found to inhibit the brain reward system, the exact
neural substrates for this phenomenon remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to …

Several studies have demonstrated that the hippocampal N-methyl-d-aspartate type glutamate
receptors (NMDARs) are necessary for the acquisition but not the retention of spatial …

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether hippocampal acetylcholine (ACh) efflux
increases during negative patterning (NP) discrimination tasks. For these tasks, a rat's response …

Many studies on humans and animals have shown that the mere presence of another
individual or individuals accelerates the motor performance speed of the subject individual. …

In this study, we investigated: (1) the effect of fear on interval timing—time perception in the
seconds-to-minutes range—and (2) the role of the insular cortex in the modulation of this …

… Copyright: © 2011 Hata. This is an open-access article subject to a non-exclusive license
between the authors and Frontiers Media SA, which permits use, distribution and reproduction …

In this paper, we examined the role of the medial prefrontal cortex in temporal discrimination
in three experiments using rats. Experiment 1 attempted to dissociate the roles of the medial …

Dopamine plays a critical role in behavioral tasks requiring interval timing (time perception
in a seconds-to-minutes range). Although some studies demonstrate the role of dopamine …

Interval timing—the perception of durations mainly in seconds or minutes—is a ubiquitous
behavior in organisms. Animal studies have suggested that the hippocampus plays an …

While it has been shown that the blockade of N-methyl-d-aspartate type glutamate receptors
(NMDARs) impairs memory acquisition, recent studies have reported that the post-…