Cnidarians are among the simplest extant animals; however EST analyses reveal that they
have a remarkably high level of genetic complexity. In this article, we show that the full …

There is growing interest in the use of cnidarians (corals, sea anemones, jellyfish and hydroids)
to investigate the evolution of key aspects of animal development, such as the formation …

… broader than the HyWnt-positive domain (Technau and Bode, 1999). A putative Tcf-binding
site has been identified recently in the HyBra1 promoter (Technau, unpublished data), which …

Sea anemones are seemingly primitive animals that, along with corals, jellyfish, and hydras,
constitute the oldest eumetazoan phylum, the Cnidaria. Here, we report a comparative …

The freshwater cnidarian Hydra was first described in 1702 1 and has been the object of
study for 300 years. Experimental studies of Hydra between 1736 and 1744 culminated in the …

… u–y, NvWnt7 expression around the oral pole from mid gastrulae on. a′–e′, NvWnt5
expression in the oral endoderm from late gastrulae on. f′–j′, NvWnt6 expression below the …

Striated muscles are present in bilaterian animals (for example, vertebrates, insects and
annelids) and some non-bilaterian eumetazoans (that is, cnidarians and ctenophores). The …

… We obtained larval stages from an established breeding culture at the University of Mainz 4
… Heimann, University of Mainz. This work was supported by a fellowship from the European …

Germ layers are defined as cell layers that arise during early animal development, mostly
during gastrulation, and that give rise to all tissues and organs in adults. The evolutionary …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a unique class of short endogenous RNAs, which have become
known in the past few decades as major players in gene regulation at the post-transcriptional …