Most animals reproduce until they die, but in humans, females can survive long after ceasing
reproduction 1 , 2 . In theory, a prolonged post-reproductive lifespan will evolve when …

Environmental factors commonly influence the growth and early development of individuals
in wild populations of mammals. Such influences can exert downstream effects on the …

Why do the two sexes have different lifespans and rates of aging? Two hypotheses based
on asymmetric inheritance of sex chromosomes (“unguarded X”) or mitochondrial genomes (“…

Female and male mate choice preferences in humans both vary according to the menstrual
cycle. Women prefer more masculine, symmetrical and genetically unrelated men during …

Maternal fitness should be maximized by the optimal division of reproductive investment
between offspring number and offspring quality. While evidence for this is abundant in many …

The existence of interindividual differences in personality traits poses a challenge to evolutionary
thinking. Although research on the ultimate consequences of personality differences in …

The Industrial Revolution and the accompanying nutritional, epidemiological and demographic
transitions have profoundly changed human ecology and biology, leading to major shifts …

We examined associations between Five Factor Model personality traits and various
outcomes of reproductive behavior in a sample of 15 729 women and men from the Wisconsin …

An increasing number of studies have documented phenotypic selection on life-history traits
in human populations, but less is known of the heritability and genetic constraints that …

Individuals with insufficient nutrition during development often experience poorer later-life
health and evolutionary fitness. The Predictive Adaptive Response (PAR) hypothesis …