The hypothesized negative relationship between growth rate and lifespan has proved very
difficult to test robustly because of potentially confounding variables, particularly nutrient …

Early environmental conditions can influence the pattern of growth and development. While
poor conditions generally cause slower growth, normal adult size can still be reached if …

Environmental circumstances can cause changes in early growth patterns that subsequently
affect the adult phenotype. Here we investigated how different growth trajectories affected …

Climate change is rapidly altering the thermal environment in terrestrial and aquatic systems.
Transgenerational thermal plasticity (TGP) – which occurs when the temperatures …

A long-standing hypothesis posits that, for species with exposed nests, a close match
between the colour of the eggs and that of the nest in which they are laid should enhance egg …

Marine litter can affect the survival of the breeding population in seabird colonies. In this study,
five 5 m × 5 m quadrats were installed at a Black-tailed gull (Larus crassirostris) breeding …

Transgenerational plasticity (TGP) occurs when phenotypes are shaped by the environment
in both the current and preceding generations. Transgenerational responses to rainfall, CO …

This study attempts to identify the direction of urban regeneration projects in declining areas
by using the concept of urban resilience to cope with climate change and disaster. To this …

Simple Summary Gulls are known for their adaptability and can navigate various environments
from coastal and inland areas to marine spaces. Despite extensive studies using GPS …

Animals exhibit certain behaviors and movement patterns as they react to their internal
needs, external stimuli, and surrounding environments. They have a bounded range in which …