In contrast with Th1 immune responses against pathogenic viruses and bacteria, the
incipient events that generate Th2 responses remain less understood. One difficulty in the …

Background Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is one of the most commonly performed
bariatric procedure worldwide. There is currently no consensus on which revisional …

Background The generation of IgE‐mediated food allergy in humans is silent and only
diagnosed upon manifestation of clinical symptoms. While experimental models have been used …

Eosinophils have emerged as multifaceted cells that contribute to tissue homeostasis.
However, the impact of the microbiota on their frequency and function at mucosal sites remains …

OBJECTIVE Pediatric hydrocephalus is a significant contributor to infant morbidity and
mortality, particularly in developing countries. The mainstay of treatment has long been shunt …

To the Editor: The biology of IgE 1 memory B cells (MBCs) remains enigmatic. The body of
data from murine models demonstrates that IgE 1 MBCs are extremely rare, at best, therefore …

Background The optimal surgical approach for multilevel degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM)
is unclear, and there is significant variation in practice patterns. We sought to …

OBJECTIVE Grade 3 meningioma represents a rare meningioma subtype, for which limited
natural history data are available. The objective of this study was to identify demographics …

Background IgE production against innocuous food antigens can result in anaphylaxis, a
severe life-threatening consequence of allergic reactions. The maintenance of IgE immunity is …

OBJECTIVE Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is the most common cause of spinal
cord dysfunction in adults. Multilevel ventral compressive pathology is routinely managed …