The introduction of foreign genes into early mouse embryos and embryonic stem (ES) cells
is invaluable for the analysis of gene function and regulation in the living animal. The use of …

The acute cellular response to stress generates a subpopulation of reversibly stress-tolerant
cells under conditions that are lethal to the majority of the population. Stress tolerance is …

Faithful execution of developmental programs relies on the acquisition of unique cell identities
from pluripotent progenitors, a process governed by combinatorial inputs from numerous …

Despite being the frontline therapy for type 2 diabetes, the mechanisms of action of the
biguanide drug metformin are still being discovered. In particular, the detailed molecular …

The actin cytoskeleton plays multiple critical roles in cells, from cell migration to organelle
dynamics. The small and transient actin structures regulating organelle dynamics are …

The transduction of acoustic information by hair cells depends upon mechanosensitive
stereociliary bundles that project from their apical surface. Mutations or absence of the …

Cancer recurrence and metastatic tumors might arise not only from residual primary tumor
cells but even from precancerous cells that are able to spread and seed distant organs. Thus, …

The notion that most cancers are ecosystems of evolving clones is now widely accepted.
Hence, residual neoplastic cells that persist following treatment constitute an ideal evolutionary …

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have generated keen interest due to their potential use
in regenerative medicine. They have been obtained from various cell types of both mice and …

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a requisite component of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation
machinery that produces more than 90% of cellular ATP. Despite the discovery of CoQ more …