Inhibitory signaling in dysfunctional CD8 T cells through the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)
axis is well established in chronic viral infections and cancers. PD-1 is also transiently …

The precise microRNAs and their target cellular processes involved in generation of durable
T-cell immunity remain undefined. Here we show a dynamic regulation of microRNAs as …

Immune memory cells are poised to rapidly expand and elaborate effector functions upon
reinfection yet exist in a functionally quiescent state. The paradigm is that memory T cells …

Differential interleukin-2 (IL-2) signaling and production are associated with disparate effector
and memory fates. Whether the IL-2 signals perceived by CD8 T cells come from autocrine …

Early after priming, effector CD8 T cells are distinguished into memory precursor and short-lived
effector cell subsets (MPECs and SLECs). Here, we delineated a distinct in vivo …

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with broad-ranging human disease sequelae
such as bone disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, allergy, autoimmune disorders, …

IL-1, generally considered an amplifier of adaptive immune responses, has been proposed
for use as adjuvant during immunization with weak immunogens. However, its effects on …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating inflammatory disease of the CNS treated by diverse
disease-modifying therapies that suppress the immune system. Severe acute respiratory …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder that causes
debilitating swelling and destruction of the joints. People with RA are treated with drugs that …

Reaction of H3L1, the Schiff base condensate of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine with three equivalents
of 5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxaldehyde, with manganese(II)perchlorate or iron(II)…