One of the major challenges in using electrical energy is the efficiency in its storage. Current
methods, such as chemical batteries, hydraulic pumping, and water splitting, suffer from low …

For decades, lignocellulosic biomass has been introduced to the public as the most important
raw material for the environmentally and economically sustainable production of high-…

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a global health concern and calls for the
development of novel antibiotic agents. Antimicrobial peptides seem to be promising candidates …

Environmental concerns and an increasing global energy demand have spurred scientific
research and political action to deliver large-scale production of liquid biofuels. Current biofuel …

Biofuels are currently produced from carbohydrates and lipids in feedstock. Proteins, in contrast,
have not been used to synthesize fuels because of the difficulties of deaminating protein …

Omega-3-fatty acid DHA is a structural component of brain plasma membranes, thereby
crucial for neuronal signaling; however, the brain is inefficient at synthesizing DHA. We have …

Background Owing to the increase in energy consumption, fossil fuel resources are gradually
depleting which has led to the growing environmental concerns; therefore, scientists are …

Vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) is one of the most popular flavors with wide
applications in food, fragrance, and pharmaceutical industries. However, the high cost and …

Background Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) are widely applied in the food,
pharmaceutical, and animal feed industries. Traditional chemical synthetic and enzymatic BCAAs …

Background Corynebacterium glutamicum is an important industrial strain for the production
of a diverse range of chemicals. Cpf1 nucleases are highly specific and programmable, with …