Octopus arm movements provide an extreme example of controlled movements of a flexible
arm with virtually unlimited degrees of freedom. This study aims to identify general principles …

Birds strongly rely on spatial memory and navigation. Therefore, it is of utmost interest to
reveal how space is represented in the avian brain. Here we used tetrodes to record neurons …

Abrupt orientation to novel stimuli is a critical, memory-dependent task performed by the
brain. In the present study, we examined two gaze control centers of the barn owl: the optic …

The central auditory system translates sound localization cues into a map of space guided,
in part, by visual experience. In barn owls, this process takes place in the external nucleus of …

The elucidation of spatial coding in the hippocampus requires exploring diverse animal species.
While robust place-cells are found in the mammalian hippocampus, much less is known …

1. Intracellular recordings were made from neurons in slices from guinea‐pig frontal cortex.
In 50% of the cells, sustained subthreshold voltage oscillations were evoked by long (> 6 s) …

For goal-directed arm movements, the nervous system generates a sequence of motor
commands that bring the arm toward the target. Control of the octopus arm is especially complex …

Accumulating evidence is supporting the hypothesis that our selective attention is a manifestation
of mechanisms that evolved early in evolution and are shared by many organisms from …

The extreme flexibility of the octopus arm allows it to perform many different movements, yet
octopuses reach toward a target in a stereotyped manner using a basic invariant motor …

Habituation is the most basic form of learning, yet many gaps remain in our understanding
of its underlying neural mechanisms. We demonstrate that in the owl's optic tectum (OT), a …